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Biotechnology Assignment Help Online

Biotechnology as the name indicates, includes Biological organisms and technology. The use of technology to harvest the resources from biological organisms might involve modification or upgrade of the living systems of the organism. Biotechnology might also copy the living reactions at an industrial level.

The resources can be applied to the welfare of humans in terms of economy, and health. Majorly speaking, biotechnology is the exploitation of services by microbes at a large scale or manufacturing level to produce a product.

Biotechnology has its roots from time immemorial, from the age of early man. In a true sense, from then on, the civilisation of human beings started, not only that, but he also started primitive biotechnology. This primitive biotechnology, based on observation, trial and error, which was too slow, involved crossbreeding to produce better yields, which made his life better.

Fermentation in the food industry is another application of Integrated Science, that involves Microbiology and Biotechnology. Humans used the fermentation reactions in microbes to modify the properties of food.

The modern phase of biotechnology started in the year 1973, with the birth of genetic engineering technology. This key event has split biotechnology into two.

• Gene Biotechnology: This involves the manipulation of genes – Genetic Engineering and cloning.

• Non-Gene Biotechnology: This involves whole cells and tissues, which may or may not be altered by Genetic engineering and cloning, involving tissue culture, microbial fermentation, hybrid production, and hybridoma production that involves Monoclonal antibodies (MABs).

Key Events in the Development of Biotechnology:

History in the development of Biotechnology as an applied science can be studied in two different phases. The years before 1973 and the years after 1973.

The years before 1973 involved classical biotechnology, which marked the increasing knowledge and scientific approaches to understanding the life processes and meagre applications that lacked genetic innovations.

Years after 1973 involved genomic manipulations, genomic data explosion and parallel development in computing and machine engineering, this heralded the modern phase of biotechnology.

Ancient Biotechnology (Pre–1800)

 
Classical Biotechnology (1800-1950)

Scientific evidence for the phenomenon of Biotechnology and increasing knowledge in the areas of biology.

Modern Biotechnology (1950-Present)

The Era of Genetic Biotechnology

1953 – DNA helix model
1961 – Central Dogma
1961 – Operon Concept, gene interaction understanding
1966 – Genetic Code Cracked
1973 – Exonucleases and endonucleases (Genetic Engineering and the birth of rDNA technology)
1975 – Hybridoma Technology
1977 – Synthesising of human insulin in E. coli using genetic engineering
1990 – Gene Therapy
1994 – First approved Genetically Modified Organisms GMOs).
1997 – Cloning
2000 – 2019 – Genetic sequencing, Cellular and tissue engineering.
2015 – Gene Editing Like CRISPR
2019 – Prime Editing (Superior to CRISPR)

Artificial Organ synthesis, Gene edits, and the development of breeds from Genomics are the present ongoing research in Biotechnology.

The following are the key areas, where Biotechnology has its impact:

• Environment: Biodegradable products, bioremediation processes using GMOs, wastewater treatment using microbes, and catalytic properties of microbes, fungi, and plants are some of the friendly applications of biotechnology towards the environment.

• Agriculture and Transgenics: Development of GMOs, which are tolerant to stresses, with superior yields and highly fortified. Culturing of microbes in large tanks to enhance the quality of food. GMOs can be made as the hubs to harvest biological Products.

• Medicine: Vaccines, synthetic human hormones, Gene therapy, powerful diagnostics (ELISA, PCR, etc,.) to identify diseases, and synthetic organs are all the fruits of Genetic engineering and Cloning.

Biotechnology Assignment Help provides a foundation to help Australian students to help understand the concepts of Biotechnology, which span the timeline from past to present research.

Different Branches of Biology help provided With Our Online Biotechnology Assignment Help 

Biotechnology Assignment Help offers great help in understanding the concepts of Biotechnology. Not only that we also aid Australians with the biological sciences that have some par role in the development of Biotechnology.

• Botany: Botany is plant science. It includes the study of all the features of plants. The features include structure (Morphology and Anatomy), function (Physiology), evolutionary relations and classification. For more details, students can refer to our botany assignment help.

• Zoology: Zoology is animal science. It includes the study of all the features of Animals. The features include structure (Morphology and Anatomy), function (Physiology), evolutionary relations and classification. Our experts provide the best zoology assignment help.

• Microbiology: Study of microbiota. This study encompasses structure, functions, evolutionary relations, pathogenicity, and applications to human welfare. For in-depth information, refer to our microbiology assignment help from our top experts.

• Genomics: Genomics is the science of genes. This science deals with the structure, functions, interactions, synthesis, sequencing, evolutionary aspects, and mapping of genes. Get Genomics Assignment Help for scoring top grades.

What Topics Come Under Biotechnology?

Biotechnology has got many definitions. Different Governments and Organisations of different countries have their definitions of Biotechnology .Looking at the definition of UK, it is clear that biotechnology is an applied science. With the knowledge obtained from the various fields of Biology, Biochemistry, Microbiology, and chemical engineering we obtain valuable goods, that raise the economic, and health status of mankind.

Biotechnology aims at sustainable development. Be it economics or health status, sustainable development must meet the needs of the present. It should not compromise the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

There are four major branches of Biotechnology, each of which has a characteristic colour code.
 

     
 
The above said branches rely much on the following tabulated technologies,
 

Biotechnology Assignment Help for University Students:

Biotechnology Assignment Help assists university students with more complex topics. Are you in need of aid with your assignments? Look no further! Our team of experienced specialists is here to help. Don't let assignment stress weigh you down. Contact us now and let us handle your assignments with excellence.
 
Here is one of the advanced biotechnology topics that our experts can guide you with:
 

• Genetic Engineering: Genetic engineering is the technology that aims at altering the DNA makeup of an organism.
  
  The basic and sequential steps involved in Genetic Engineering include:

  • Isolation of DNA from a donor organism

  • Insertion of Isolated DNA into a plasmid vector

  • Introduction and growth of recombinant vector (DNA of interest + Plasmid vector) into an appropriate host.

The tools and techniques that play a crucial role in this technology are

1. Enzymes

2. Cloning Vectors

3. Gene Transfer and Cloning

4. Screening of recombinants

5. Analysis of DNA.

• Enzymes: The crucial enzymes involved in this technology include

  • Restriction endonucleases (They have the ability to make cuts in the DNA at appropriate locations termed as Palindromic sites)

  • Ligase (Ligases joins the DNA fragments. They seal the cuts generated by Restriction endonucleases).

  • Reverse Transcriptase (Converts RNA to DNA. Used in eukaryote gene expression studies).

• Cloning Vectors:  Vectors are carriers. They carry the genes generated by restriction endonucleases.
  
  Vectors used in genetic engineering are Plasmids. But there can be many, such as bacteriophages, Cosmid, and Artificial chromosomes.
  
  Plasmids are also cut by the restriction endonucleases. Generally, the restriction enzymes that cut the Gene of Interest and Vectors are the same. This step will ensure the generation of the same cuts which are complementary to each other and also easy joining by Ligases.
  
  Ligation of Gene of Interest with Plasmid generates a Recombinant DNA.

• Gene Transfer and Cloning:The recombinant DNA molecules can be transferred into a suitable host. There are many methods of Gene Transfer. They include

  1. Transformation (We force the host cells to take up the DNA)

  2. Electroporation (We use high voltage pulses to incorporate the DNA into a suitable host)

  3. Liposome-Mediated Gene transfer (DNA molecules are delivered enclosed in lipid droplets)

  4. Transduction (DNA molecules to be inserted into the organism are packed in disarmed plant and animal viruses

  5. Biolistic (DNA coated with gold particle fragments are bombarded into the host cells)

• Screening of Recombinants:The culture can include cells that have taken up the DNA, and cells that are devoid of DNA. There are 2 crucial steps in the selection of colonies.

  • Selection of Transformants from Non-transformants. Non-transformants do not have any genes inserted in them.

  • Selection of Recombinants from Non-recombinants in the Transformants.Non-recombinants are those cells with only plasmid vectors.Recombinants are those cells with recombinants vectors (Plasmid vectors with inserted gene)

• Analysis of DNA :This is a crucial step in selecting the right choice of recombinants.
  
  Recombinants have recombinant DNA molecules inserted into them. This Recombinant DNA should be analysed after isolating the DNA from recombinants.
  
  Recombinants can be positive recombinants (Vector with GOI oriented in right orientation) and Negative recombinants (Vector with GOI oriented in wrong orientation) . 
  
  Agarose Gel electrophoresis is the technique that helps identify the Vector with the correct orientation.We need restriction enzymes to evaluate the positive and negative recombinants. Once we differentiate positive and negative colonies, we encourage the growth of Positive clones to obtain the right product at a large scale.
  
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Biotechnology Assignment Help for School Students (Grades 9th to 12th)

• Fermentation and how is it different from Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration:The products of Fermentation are Organic Acids, Ethanol and Carbon dioxide. Organic acids and Ethanol have preservative effects. They limit the growth of pathogenic microbes and prevent the spoilage of food.Production of Organic Acids or ethanol requires no specialised organelles. Fermentation takes place in the cytoplasm. Fermentation is just the extension of Glycolysis and is different from Anaerobic Respiration.

The following table differentiates among Aerobic, anaerobic and Fermentation living reactions.

• Types of Fermentation : Fermentation is of two types. They include:

  • Alcoholic Fermentation

  • Acidic Fermentation

• Alcoholic Fermentation: It is a three-step Reaction:

  • Glycolysis

  • Pyruvate decarboxylase (Removal of Carbon dioxide)

  • Alcohol dehydrogenase reaction (Generation of Ethanol)

Seen in especially in Yeasts.  Pyruvate is Converted to Ethanol and Carbon dioxide. This conversion Regenerates NAD+ for Glycolysis.
 

• Acidic Fermentation:Acidic Fermentation occurs in Bacteria. There are three types of Acidic Fermentation.

  • Lactic Acid fermentation

  • Acetic Acid fermentation

  • Butyric Acid fermentation

• Lactic Acid fermentation: It involves two steps.

  • Step 1: Glycolysis

  • Step 2: Anaerobic fermentation (Conversion of Pyruvate to lactate).

• Acetic Acid fermentation: Acetic acid formation involves three steps.

  • Ethanol fermentation by yeasts.

  • Step 2 and 3 happens in bacteria. E.g.: Acetobacter

  • Conversion of ethanol by acetaldehyde

  • Acetaldehyde dehydrogenation (Conversion of acetaldehyde to Acetic acid).

• Butyric Acid Fermentation: The end product is Butyric acid. This happens in the bacteria Clostridium butylicum.

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Free Biotechnology Sample Papers

Boost your knowledge in Biotechnology with our free sample papers! Practice with actual exam-style questions and gain faith in your assessments. Our website offers a wide scope of high-quality, sample papers, designed to help you excel in your studies.

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How do you do an assignment in Biotechnology?

The following key points will help you write an effective Biotechnology assignment.
 

• Know the Assignment: You should know your assignment’s key factor, the topic around which it is centred. Also, make a note of the instructions given, this will help you stick to the topic.

• Collect the Information: Refer to lecture notes, standard books, and plenty of browsers to get the information related to the topic in question. Collect much information on the key factors.

• Draft your writing structure: You need to make note of all the headings that make your assignment. Introduction, body (with sub-headings in it) and conclusion.

• Include Figures: Tables, figures and graphs are supposed to be given wherever necessary, with appropriate legends and descriptions.

• Referencing: The most important step in writing your assignment. Referencing verifies the authenticity and increases the reliability of the information provided.

• Proofread and Edit: Read what you have written. This will make you take the side of a reader and understand the grammatical and structural errors, along with the errors in the information.

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